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  • COMMON NAME: Christ's thorn jujube, sidra tree.
  • ARABIC: السدر
  • BOTANICAL NAME: Ziziphus spina-Christi (L.) Willd.
  • SYNONYMS: Rhamnus spina-christi L.
  • FAMILY: RHAMNACEAE
  • KIND: Native
  • EMIRATE: Abu-Dhabi , Dubai , Sharjah , Fujairah
  • CATEGORIES: Medicinal (M) Fodder (F) Landscape (L) Fruits (F) Cosmectis (C) Apiculture (A) Other Uses (O)
  • GROWTH FORMS: Shrubs Tree
  • HABITATS: Wadi Sandy
  • TYPES: Perennial
  • REMARKS: Wadi Wurayah National Park (WWNP). Sidr plant is also called Christ's thorn. Plants used by honeybees for nectar collection for honey production. Z. spina-Christi is a food plant for the caterpillars of the Mediterranean Pierrot butterfly, Tarucus rosaceus.
Flora of the United Arab Emirates V1 & 2, Fawzi M.Karim, Nael M.Fawzi; reviewed by Fatima Al-Ansary. Al-Ain: United Arab Emirates University, 2007. http://alemardan.persiangig.com/Tropical%20and%20subtropical%20trees/Ziziphus%20spina-christi/ https://www.floraofqatar.com/ziziphus_spina-christi.htm Karim FM and Dakheel AG. Salt-tolerant plants of the United Arab Emirates. 2006. International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai, UAE. Gary R. Feulner. 2014. The Flora of Wadi Wurayah National Park Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. V.V. Byalt, V.M. Korshunov, M.V. Korshunov. Cadaster of the Flora of Fujairah Emirate (United Arab Emirates). Al Fujairah 2021. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants of UAE 1&2 from Zayed complex for herbal Research & traditional medicine, AD. M.V.D jongbloed, G.R. Fuelner, B. Boer, A.R. Western. the comprehensive guide to the wild flowers of the United Arab Emirates. Environmental research and wildlife Development agency, Abu Dhabi, 2003.
Highly salt tolerant. Crushed leaves applied to skin sores and inflamed joints; ash of wood, mixed with vinegar applied to snake bites; tea made of fruits said to be a treatment for measles; fruit and kernels eaten to treat chest pains. Honey nectar plants. fruits are edible and extremely rich in vitamin C. used as an ornamental and for sand movement control. Fodder plant. Wood of trunk used for making poles and pillars, also as fuel. The ground leaves are used to wash hair and body. It also has beauty benefits for hair. Mixed with lemon into paste, applied to face or hair to soften or soothe. Flowers important for hoeny production of wild bees (Apis florea).

Shrub or tree, 2-8 meter high, spiny or unarmed, branches elongate, somewhat divariacate, glabrous or somewhat pubescent when young. Stipular spines 2, one straight and the other curved. Leaves ovate-oblong to elliptic, rounded at the base, 2-6 cm long, 1.5-4 cm wide, obtuse or retuse, entire or with crenulate margins, 3-nerved at base. Pedicels short-tomentellous. Flowers minute, 4-6 mm in diameter, in groups of 3-8, in axillary cymes, yellowish-green. Calyx tomentose on the outer surface, lobes acute. Petals 1-2 mm long, shorter than sepals, nearly spathulate, concave. Disk 10-lobed. Ovary bilocular, styles 2. Fruit drupe, ovoid-globular, orange-yellow to brown, glabrous, 1-2 cm in diameter. Flowering from September to December and March to May.  

Gravel plains, wadi beds, coastal foothills, also cultivated on the alluvial plains.
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