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  • COMMON NAME: bitter apple
  • ARABIC: عيون البقرة، شرنجبان
  • BOTANICAL NAME: Solanum incanum L.
  • SYNONYMS: S. sanctum L.
  • FAMILY: SOLANACEAE
  • KIND: Native
  • EMIRATE: Ras-Al-Khaimah
  • CATEGORIES: Fruits (F)
  • GROWTH FORMS: Shrubs
  • HABITATS: Terrace
  • TYPES: Perennial
  • REMARKS: Rare in the UAE. (Ras-alkhaimah).
Flora of the United Arab Emirates V1 & 2, Fawzi M.Karim, Nael M.Fawzi; reviewed by Fatima Al-Ansary. Al-Ain: United Arab Emirates University, 2007. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:819567-1

Grey, prickly shrub, 50-120 cm high. Stems much branched, dendely pubescent, with prickles. Leaves ovate to elliptic, sinuate; obtuse at apex, oblique at base, 5-10 cm long, 3-6 cm broad, hairy and slightly prickly along mid-nerve on both surfaces. Petioles 2-4 cm long. Flowers solitary ot two togather but lower only fertile, with short peduncle. Calyx 6-9 mm long, lobes triangular, hairy, prickly. Corolla purple, lobes 7-9 mm long. Stamens inserted near the base of corolla. Ovary globose hairy at the apex, style hairy below. Fruit a globose berry, yellow, plum-sized. Seeds discoid, yellow-brown, pitted, 2-2.5 mm in diameter. 

Flowering from February to May.
Roadsides and waste places.
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